JEFFERSON COUNTY, KANSAS. I had the privilege of giving the commencement address at my alma mater this year. Below is the text of the talk, more or less. Readers will recognize a number of FPR themes throughout.
Let me be the first to congratulate you on what is truly a significant and lasting achievement. Your parents, I’m sure, think I am talking to them, and while their accomplishment is likely the greater one, tonight our congratulations go to you graduates. You have completed a course of study that will serve you well for the rest of your lives. The plaudits and praise you will receive tonight and through this season are well-earned and you should enjoy them to the fullest.
Let me also, however, be the first the burst your bubble. Most of the failures of your life, your most heartbreaking regrets, and your worst mistakes lie ahead of you. Take heart though, for most of your triumphs, large and small, lie in front of you as well. Which is just to say that you stand at a grand beginning, the cusp of possibility.
It has been exactly twenty years since I sat where you are now and I can still clearly recall the feeling of that tremendous and daunting possibility stretching ahead of me. And as I reflect back on those twenty years, I can report that I have had my share of triumphs, and I don’t mind sharing them with you. I have had the unsurpassed joy of raising five wonderful sons with the bride of my youth. I have been blessed with meaningful work that has carried me into the crucible of some of the most vexing arguments at the highest levels about who we should be as a people. I have been quoted on the front pages from Topeka to New York City and lots of places in between. Which is not to say I have been listened to in any of those places.
The failures, mistakes, and regrets are all there too. From personal and painful mistakes to business failure to dashed hopes. For some reason I have a hankering to be a farmer–and as my boys can tell you (they take great glee in this), I am a terrible farmer. My fences fall apart, my livestock dies, my pastures grow more rocks than grass.
Why do I share this with you? Just to say that through this all, and above all, I have hoped to become a student of the human heart. This is at once the easiest and most difficult apprenticeship you can undertake. Easy, if you choose to submit yourself to the study, because you will carry a human heart with you always, wherever you are. Difficult because the human heart is the most complex, wondrous, fascinating, and surprising instrument in the universe. The real vista of endless possibility lies in the human heart, for you will never exhaust its highways and byways.
So you have graduated. Now the real course of study begins, and this is the study I would call you to tonight. And if you are attentive, you will not be alone. The poets and philosophers have all made the human heart their one great study—from David the Hebrew poet king (“What is Man, O God, that you should care for him?”) to Walt Whitman, the tramp poet of New England (“There is this in me–I do not know what it is–but I know it is in me.”) to the whole of human culture in between. They are there for you if you will have them, as are your friends, your mentors, and those who will come after you.
But for tonight, I’m all you have. So I have distilled a few things that I think are true; things that are true about the human heart; things that I want to share with you tonight. And the most basic truth—most basic for us in this time and place because it is the one most obscured by the society we inhabit–is the truth articulated most poignantly by Booker T. Washington. Washington was born into slavery and rose to prominence after the Civil War as a leader of Southern blacks. In 1895, speaking to an American South still struggling with Reconstruction, Washington wanted to urge blacks to stop looking to the North for their needs and for their future, so he told this story.
There was a ship lost at sea for many days which suddenly sighted a friendly vessel. From the mast of the stranded ship was seen a signal: “Water, water. We die of thirst.” The answer from the friendly vessel at once came back: “Cast down your bucket where
you are.” A second time, the signal, “Water, send us water!” went up from the distressed vessel. And was answered: “Cast down your bucket where you are.” A third and fourth signal for water was answered: “Cast down your bucket where you are.” The captain of the distressed vessel, at last heeding the injunction, cast down his bucket and it came up full of fresh, sparkling water from the mouth of the Amazon River.
Cast down your bucket where you are!
In less poetic language, this is what I have sometimes called practicing the discipline of place. To practice this discipline is to believe that to suffer one’s place and one’s people in the particularity of its and their needs is the primary basis for finding love, friendship, and an authentic, meaningful life. This is nothing less, I would argue, than the key to the pursuit of Christian holiness, which is the whole of the Christian adventure: to live in love with the frailty and limits of one’s existence, suffering the places, customs, rites, joys, and sorrows of the people who are in close relation to you by family, friendship, and community–all in service of the truth, goodness, and beauty that is best experienced directly.
Now, what am I saying? Does this mean that I think you should always stay in one place, that you cannot be called elsewhere, or that you ought to forever limit your own horizons. No. I am neither foolish nor naïve enough to think that this is either possible or even a good thing. What it does mean is that the human heart, your heart, will never flourish and blossom if it is forever pining after the next thing, or captured by the false promise of something better just out of grasp, always seeking satisfaction somewhere other than where it is. Rather, it is that marriage between the endless internal horizon of your heart and the limited, restrained, concrete life of geography and community that has borne the most delightful and satisfying fruits of human history.
So cast down your bucket where you are.
This is at once the most radical and the most conservative thing you can do with your life. Yet you are heading out into a very conventional, middling, controlled world. Oh, they will tell you that their marches for progress and rights are daring, that they are radical. Or they will tell you that their religious revivals are conservative, that they are the moral center. You will hear it all, but the truth is that for the most part, people are in the grips of a boring, lifeless ideology of personal fulfillment, choice, and upward mobility. We live in a society of tourists–and if tourists have one thing in common it is this–that they are not at home.
Many if not all of you are off to college somewhere to further your education. This is not a bad thing, and may become a very good thing for you, but I am here tonight with a warning. The world of higher education is a strip mining operation, plain and simple, and you will become the raw resource being mined. This is the result of a system designed to discover and refine the most meritorious among you and ship you off to whatever spot in the world you will be most “productive.”
You will hear over and over and over again, in many different forms, that nothing must get in the way of making the most of your social and economic opportunities. No ancient bonds of tradition must hold you back (look to the Future, they will say); no loyalties to your home, to the place of your memory and your belonging must interfere (you can be a Jayhawk anywhere, they will say); no sentimental attachment to those who have befriended and loved you can count (think of all the diverse experiences you will miss, they will say).
I say, resist! Resist the spirit of the age. It does not have your welfare in mind. Cast down your bucket.
If you do, they will say you are crazy, or foolish, or worse. You will be a heretic in the church of convenience and exploitation and false freedom which feeds at a trough of waste and ruin.
Remember and take heart from the words of the poet farmer Wendell Berry:
To be sane in a mad time
is bad for the brain, worse
for the heart.
And this:
As soon as the generals and the politicos
can predict the motions of your mind,
lose it. Leave it as a sign
to mark the false trail, the way
you didn’t go. Be like the fox
who makes more tracks than necessary,
some in the wrong direction.
Let me take time out for a short war story, one that, I confess, gives me great pleasure. For you may be thinking right now that, geez, this guy is a real downer. He wants me stuck in some backwater the rest of my life. Nothing could be further from the truth! It is my hope tonight, if nothing else, to at least awake within you a glimmering possibility. What if maybe, just maybe, it is they who are stuck in a backwater of their own delusions and that the real adventure lies at your very feet–wherever they happen to be?
As many of you know, I had the privilege of serving as the lead attorney in what was one of the most important courtroom battles over abortion in many years. At the crux of the case was whether laws restricting abortion could ever actually be enforced. My client was a man named Phill Kline, the former Attorney General of Kansas, and arrayed against him were the whole forces of the abortion industry nationwide and virtually all of the powers of the State Government. We had been ordered by the Kansas Supreme Court to a secret trial which would end up stretching over several grueling weeks, and during which, many of the most powerful men in the State would be called to testify. Suffice it to say, this was a big deal, and was being watched closely by activists across the country, by the major national media outlets, and by the United States Congress.
At the first conference of all the lawyers before the judge, the other side was represented by eight or nine lawyers, some from the State, and several from both New York and Washington D.C., brought in to this troublesome little state in fly-over country to protect the abortion industry. On the other side was me. Upon passing out my card which identified me as a lawyer practicing in Perry, KS (if you don’t know, Perry is a little town of 900 people just north of here–just a few miles from my ramshackle fences and failing farm), one of the big city lawyers turned to his colleague and said with more shock than condescension in his voice, “Where the heck is Perry, Kansas?” Only he used more colorful language.
Cast down your bucket! I promise you, they’ll never see you coming. Such a creature cannot exist in the impoverished realm of their imagination.
I have heard that only two things are certain to happen at a graduation. First, the graduation speaker will speak, and second, the graduating class will stop listening at some point. So let me conclude with one last truth that I have arrived at about the human heart. What is the most important characteristic for resisting this spirit of the age, as I’ve called it?
Many things are necessary—courage certainly, strength, patience—but most important, and I have hinted at this already, is love. Specifically, it is to love the world and your life in it. “This world has a spiritual life possible in it,” wrote the moral philosopher George Santayana, “which looks not to another world but to the beauty and perfection that this world suggests, approaches, and misses.”
The world and your life in it are not yours. They are a gift–wholly gratuitous and bountiful. They are not that kind of thing which begins as a gift and becomes yours once given–instead they bear within them the enduring character of givenness, given to the point of being so basic that their grace cannot be fully wiped away, even from the hearts of those who turn against them. You are wholly dependent on this grace of givenness. From these headwaters springs love.
Love for your place and its beauty and heartbreaks and strands of memory; love for the people and customs of your place and their brokenness and the sheer glory of their existence. And love for your life in that place–note, I did not say love of yourself, but
of your life; and by extension, the lives of those around you. There is no wealth but life, said John Ruskin, and your life lies at your feet.
Cast down your bucket where you are!
And where and wherever you are will be full of its own particular version of humanity’s one song–a chorus of sin and rot and suffering and pain, and hope and joy and triumph. You must learn to love both.
The Greek Gods were said to envy men their mortality. You have studied Homer, I am sure, and if you recall, in Homer’s Odyssey, Odysseus faces many trials as he is returning home after many years away at war. The final trial Odysseus faces is his encounter with the beautiful Calypso who offers Odysseus immortality if he will stay with her as her lover. Wendell Berry writes that the reader of Homer’s Odyssey knows—“as Odysseus undoubtedly does also—the extent of his love for Penelope because he can return to her only by choosing her at the price of death.” On his return Odysseus must have felt the thrill and the pang of knowing that Penelope was more beautiful in that moment than she had ever been, or would ever be again in this life.
The Greeks understood that all things pass away, and that this is what makes life infinitely sweet. The poets have always understood this truth as well. “Leaf subsides to leaf” and “dawn goes down to day.” Or another: “Time hurries on, and the leaves that are green turn to brown.” There is a sweetness that is nearly unbearable in those words.
You, at this very moment, with new faces turned towards the world, are as fresh and eager as you will ever be. If you don’t know this now, I assure you that your parents do. And we can only know this because, like Odysseus and the poets, we understand that time hurries on and leaf subsides to leaf and everyone owes a death. It is a sweet understanding laced with a sadness that is itself, a species of sweetness.
Saint John, exiled on the Island of Patmos at the end of his life had a vision of the great marriage feast after the end of time when Christ would call his Bride, the Church, home to him—the wedding supper of the Lamb. The sweetness of mortality is bearable because the Greeks didn’t know the end of the story, that there was one coming who would, after the end, make new all that has passed away.
So cast down your bucket where you are. Understand that you are graced. Learn to love the sweetness of a world that is passing away—a world that suggests yet misses perfection. And persevere through the tragedy with faith in the comic finish of the marriage feast when yes, all things will be made new.
So I wish you and each of your hearts the bounty of every flourishing in this life, and God’s blessing now, and in the everafter. Thank you.
That’s lettin em have it, Caleb. Christian school? Oh, I guess in Kansas, ALL the schools are Christian. [heh] This part especially really threw down the gauntlet I think:
The world of higher education is a strip mining operation, plain and simple, and
you will become the raw resource being mined. This is the result of a system designed to
discover and refine the most meritorious among you and ship you off to whatever spot in
the world you will be most “productive.”
You will hear over and over and over again, in many different forms, that nothing must
get in the way of making the most of your social and economic opportunities. No ancient
bonds of tradition must hold you back (look to the Future, they will say); no loyalties to
your home, to the place of your memory and your belonging must interfere (you can be a
Jayhawk anywhere, they will say); no sentimental attachment to those who have
befriended and loved you can count (think of all the diverse experiences you will miss,
they will say).
I say, resist!
You can’t even get most conservative Christians to swallow that. Hopefully, they did! And, hopefully, they’ll invite you back!! And hopefully… resistance is NOT futile!!!
Amen.
That’s probably the first time many of those students have heard the truth told to them. I wish someone would have had the courage to tell it to me and my classmates some years back.
All politics begins with children, we’re all agreed, and so this goes down as one of the best political speeches of all time, especially insofar as it shows that the end of politics, as the end of all things, is union with God.
“I say, resist!” Bravo, Caleb!
Reminds me of the aforequoted Whitman:
To the States, or any one of them, or any city of the States,
Resist much, obey little,
Once unquestioning obedience, once fully enslaved,
Once fully enslaved, no nation, state, city of this earth, ever
afterward resumes its liberty.
Your remarks were the high oratorical restatement of Ole Homer Bannon’s admonition to his grandson Lonnie in the movie “Hud”, (to me the most Front Porchy major motion picture to ever emege from Hollywood) upon Lon’s inquiring why the old man is so hard on Paul Newman’s namesake character:
“Little by little the look of the country changes because of the men we admire. You’re going to have to make up your own mind one day about what’s right and wrong.
This is the highest praise for what I wish somebody would of had the guts to say at my high school graduation, and which those Kansas kids were truly blessed to hear.
Gee, how novel, a commencement address that speaks of community and modesty and the ground beneath them rather than extolling “limitless futures” and the great shining opportunities for this newest crop of deracinated consumers spit out into a landscape wiped clean of jobs.
Their best bet is a short road trip and buying a well-stocked tool kit at a local tag sale before reintroducing their hands and muscles to their eyes and brains. The youngsters I have the pleasure to know will likely fare better in the coming era than their dreamy parents, raised on five decades of reckless plundering abandon.
“Can anything good come out of Perry?” is what I’m sure that opposition attorney meant to say. A kind and salutary speech, Caleb.
Ringing an opposing note, the president at my college closed this year’s ceremony by asking that the graduates invent the technology that will allow him to return to commencement 70 years hence. This after claiming that had the CEOs of major banks paid for degrees from our august institution (sorry, Dr. Peters), the current finance crisis would likely have been averted, and then with no sense of the irony, granting an “Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters” to the Board Chairman, a CEO and founder of the largest investment bank in our area.
Suffice to to say that your ceremony and speech sound somewhat more moving than our own, Mr Stegall.
Schroeder,
Might I suggest that you toss a couple seer stones in a hat, roundly defecate into it and leave it a- smoldering upon the doorstep of your witless College President who surely must be one of the larger tools in a fulsome crop of raging tools haunting the Administrative Halls of our institutions of higher learning like a cross between some Junior Chamber Of Commerce Events Chairmen and a flying monkey on vicodin and cheap gin.
But I mean this in only the nicest way.
This address does not make much sense to me.
America was founded by people who left their ancestral homes in Europe, crossed the Atlantic in wooden ships (no mean feat as this was actually dangerous), and came to the “new” world to create a new life for themselves, essentially cut off from the people back home. Later, people came out west in covered wagons and, later, trains to create a new life for themselves during the 19th century and early 20th century. All of my ancestors were pioneers as they did these things.
The kids today who seek new opportunities elsewhere, are they not the modern-day equivalent to the pioneers who created the U.S.? I fail to see any qualitative difference. Of course, we don’t have a physical frontier right now, but I would think that the sunbelt or other places could be considered as an economic or social frontier that serves the same function of the physical frontier of the past.
What if space colonization becomes economically feasible or someone invents FTL space travel? Would we all be obligated to stay here on Earth when the infinite resources (and opportunities) of space beckon?
Pioneering is even a part of religion. The Pilgrims who founded Plymouth and the Mormons who came out west and created Salt Lake City as one of the most livable cities in the U.S., these are examples of religious groups who embraced pioneering, who left their homes to create something new. American was founded as a pioneering, frontier-oriented society. It seems to me that pioneering and the quest for new opportunities and the desire to expand one’s horizons is a fundamental aspect of human nature. It is in our blood and comprises our heritage.
Viewed within the appropriate historical context, this speech does not make much sense.
@Kurt 9:
Frederick Jackson Turner certainly has his followers, yourself apparently among them. However, other serious thinkers as diverse as Wendell Berry and Victor Davis Hanson have made a strong case that the first over the horizon, particularly trappers, fur traders and prospecters, ended up as essentially than savages themselves. The farmer, and perhaps the rancher as well, stakes a claim in a specific place and nurtures it through thick and thin.
I believe Mr. Hanson even went so far as to compare our current generation of deracinated “office man” to the exploiting trapper in that both lack any sense of stewardship. Mr. Steagall explains in his 11th paragraph that he is not making a blanket case for cradle to grave parochialism. Seems to me that the spirit of the address is more one of giving a damn enough about place to look after it properly wherever one decides to take a stand.
As to your updated riff on Gingrich and Jerry Brown’s Extraterrestial Jacksonianism. I strongly recommend Netflixing WALL-E.
I fail to see anything objectionable about Frederick Jackson Turner’s ideas. We studied him in school when I was a kid. I do believe in the inherent superiority of “pioneering” type people over those who are not.
The farmer, and perhaps the rancher as well, stakes a claim in a specific place and nurtures it through thick and thin.
This was called homesteading and is an example of what I was referring to. This worked because the farmers were moving on to empty land that they were then able to nurture it. This analogy is not applicable today because all of the existing land-mass has other people on it.
Seems to me that the spirit of the address is more one of giving a damn enough about place to look after it properly wherever one decides to take a stand.
There is merit in this. My mother used to say that it is easier to be a big fish in a small pond than it is to be a small fish in a big pond. However, this option was not available to me at the time, and I had to seek opportunity elsewhere. The fundamental problem is that “place” often has existing social structure that is reticent to the influence and power of competent upstarts, thus necessitating the elimination of such social structure and its replacement with one created by the “competent”. In my particular case, this would involve genocide. Leaving for greener pastures is a far more humanitarian choice.
Bright competent people often are not allowed the “reins of power” that would allow them effective stewardship over a place and its people. Naturally, the competent should not be expected to play second fiddle to the less competent, simply because the latter enjoy the benefits of existing social structure. This is a fundamental issue that Caleb fails to address.
In any case, the following link,
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB124329530359452757.html?mod=googlenews_wsj
suggests that this problem is already correcting itself.
I do not consider Wendell Berry or Victor Davis Hanson to be serious thinkers. I have no respect for either of these men nor for their world-views, which I find to be quite repugnant and disgusting.
Having lived in various places in the U.S. as well as an expat in Asia for 10 years, I have come to the conclusion that “home” and “place” is a state of mind.
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