Grove City, PA . The rule of three. Do you know of this? It might be a movie, a book, a band, a whiskey-label but if on three random occasions it gets repeated one is obliged to go see or read it, give it a listen or a swallow. Once, you see, and it does not even register. Twice is the sphere of coincidence. But three times means something. Karma. Providence. Kismet. Whatever. Well, two things I have noticed recently have come up twice, but before either of them comes up a third time, here they are. (Wait, if I mention them, does that make a third?)
First and least interesting, the matter of “gossip.” A good hour between urban centers in either direction, where I live is a media broadcast no man’s land. Scanning the car radio, I hit upon Glenn Beck. I don’t have cable, so I’ve never seen or heard him. Really. Heard of him, yes. Apparently, he is a phenomenon of sorts. So I’m curious. And then confused as Beck prattled on about the etymology of “gossip” and how King George sent spies into our land telling them to “go sip” in the pubs with the Colonial rebels and thereby gather intelligence. That’s how “gossip” came to mean what it does according to Glenn Beck. I did not find such ignorance remarkable.
Then I get an email forwarded to me. I know what you’re thinking, but this was from a trusted source always dependably judicious. It was a list of words, phrases, and idioms with their “surprise” etymologies. Lo, and behold there was “gossip” and the same bogus derivation from “go sip.” The only thing missing was the espionage on our beloved Founding Fathers (now at least I could appreciate Beck’s contribution). Now this coincidence was remarkable.
But anyone who has studied any foreign language knows that words usually do not come to mean what they mean in this way. That is, words that mean one thing, such as “go” and “sip,” do not combine to form a word, in this case “gossip,” that means something else entirely. Usually there is some derivation from Latin or Greek or Shakespeare or something. Maybe you can even look it up. Because I am highly trained professional, here’s the short cut to the full skinny—the Oxford English Dictionary. Once virtually inaccessible, the OED is now accessible to all “free” and online 24/7 at www.oed.com. There one would learn that gossip has nothing to do with sipping ale in Colonial taverns nor with Latin, Greek, or even Shakespeare. Well, there is a little Shakespeare. “Gossip” derives squarely from the Old English for god-parent, one’s sponsor at baptism, a family intimate. And gossip about their god-child, naturally, becomes a primary occupation.
Let us now dive into the second and more interesting coincidence. This from today’s sports page: “…that stretched the lead to 46-40 after Sampson dived for a loose ball.” Dived. The English language, of course, even from its earliest Anglo-Saxon roots has always used what linguists call dental endings, –t, or –ed, to convey past tense for certain kinds of verbs. But strictly in terms of the history of English, the verb “to dive” is not of such a kind. So what happened to “dove” as a past tense verb? Nothing apparently: “when the shooting started Saturday, he dove to the ground…” Coincidentally, both quotations appear in the very same newspaper, but we cannot blame sloppy editorial practice or the lame prose stylists of the sports page who went with “dived.”
We cannot blame them because neither is at fault. In fact the respective writers as well as their section’s editors could have grammar-checked both forms. Or at least let their computers check for them. Both “dove” and “dived” are considered grammatically acceptable. Try it right now with your grammar-check brought to you by the powers that be. See.
Now we must delve into the abyss of genuine grammatical ambiguity, which is a sort of Rorschach test for some. To some such an abyss does not exist; either it is “dove” or “dived,” and the other must be wrong. This is the fundamentalist mind. To others, who acknowledge the legitimacy of both forms, some careful distinction must govern their respective use. If such a rule does not exist this sophomoric sort of person will make one up – for instance, the supposed proper uses of “further” and “farther.” This pedantic type borders on the obsessive/compulsive and tends toward becoming 8th grade English teachers, librarians, or NFL assistant coaches. Or French (recall even centuries before communism the frogmen actually established a Committee to decide such matters). The relativist mind, on the other hand, embraces the ambiguity eagerly. In fact, they might even legislate the equitable alternation of “dove” and “dived” for justice’s sake. Looks like their policy is already in effect at the newspaper I quoted from above.
We should properly fear them all.
To the Front Porch state of mind, however, “dived” v. “dove” suggests at least two things (and I heartily welcome more): 1) ambiguity is a kind of liberty, and liberty always has her limits, but those limits and who determines them are deliciously ad hoc, practical, communal, and local; 2) English—mirabile dictu—ain’t French.
“Ambiguity is a kind of liberty.” Good.
Here’s some Shakespeare: “And sometimes lurk I in a gossip’s bowl,/ In a very likeness of a roasted crab,/ And when she drinks, against her lips I bob,/ And on her withered dewlap pour the ale.” Yes, maybe Puck is the source for Mr. Beck’s staff’s confusion. I look forward to their etymology for crabapple.
Jokes aside, and while agreeing that I too am comfortable with localisms, and that language will change, I would suggest the properly pedantic standard should be: does a change enrich or flatten the language? Because “dived” is the regularization of an irregular verb, it fails that test for me. Less sonorous, too, and surely that should count for something.
Thanks for this. Here’s a stanza from the medieval mystery play, “Noah’s Flood.” Noah’s wife, reluctant to let her good lady friends drown while the family and pairs of animals get away scott-free, protests:
But [Unless] I have my gossips every one,
One foot further I will not gone.
They shall not drown, by Saint John,
And [If] I may save their life.
As for conclusion 1) I’m with you in at least one respect. It should be part of any Front Porch platform that the central question in politics is not who decides or how x is decided. The central question is how ought we to live. The rest is just procedure . . .
Many. many years ago I read a fanzine review of Fritz Leiber’s now-forgotten Tarzan novel that scolded him for using “dove” as the past tense of “to dive.” I’ve abode by the “dived” rule ever since.
Tangential: I relish the headline from a few years ago that asked if Mars might be the adobe of life.
English possesses a 12 bar chord progression that the French can only envy. As to “dive” vs. “dove”…I only ever heard of a dive bar, never a dove one. Only a fop would be seen in a dove bar, requesting a Pimms Cup to the merriment of all the beery divers present.
Damn, Sabin! Have ye not heard of Dove Cottage, one of Wordsworth’s Grasmere residences? It had once been a pub that serviced divers patrons.
Is that “patrons” or “poltroons”?
I recently enjoyed teaching my 6th grade students the old usage of “gossip” via The Black Arrow by Robert Louis Stevenson. They use it in their casual conversation with each other now!
If ‘dove’ were to be an acceptable past tense of ‘dive’, what would be
the past participle?
American conservatives have a remarkable obsession about ending sentences with little words. The NR boys and Rush will go to any lengths to rescue those little words from the caboose. “Now that is that, about which I was talking!” “I don’t know to what he was referring.”
AAAARRRRGGGHHH!
First, there was never a rule against ending a sentence with a preposition. Some sentences sound awkward one way, some sound awkward the other way. Second, most such little words are not prepositions at all, they are part of the verb. Talk-about and refer-to are the complete verbs in the above sentences.
Interesting article.
Interesting article.
While “dove” is acceptable in the US of A, try using it in the UK and you’ll get some peculiar looks. We stick strictly to “dived” in BrE, and always have done.
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